This book will explore the theory and practice of sewage treatment from the perspective of ecological civilization. The first chapter introduces the concept and basic theory of ecological civilization, as well as its guiding significance in sewage treatment, providing an important foundation. The concept of ecological civilization emphasizes the harmonious development between humans and nature, which is one of the important directions for the development of Chinese society. Under this framework, sewage treatment is regarded as an important component of ecological civilization construction, playing a crucial role in protecting water resources and improving the ecological environment. Therefore, Chapter 2 provides an in-depth analysis of the characteristics of sewage and its impact on the ecological environment, while examining the current status and existing problems of sewage treatment in China. The third chapter focuses on introducing the technical principles and common processes of sewage treatment. The choice of sewage treatment technology directly affects the treatment effect, so it is crucial to have a deep understanding and comparison of various technologies. By comparing and analyzing the sewage treatment technologies of developed countries and China, we can draw on their successful experiences, while also considering China's own actual situation and selecting suitable technologies according to local conditions. Chapters 4 and 5 explore specific strategies and policy management for sewage treatment from both industrial and rural perspectives. The characteristics of industrial wastewater and rural wastewater are different, so targeted treatment plans and policy measures need to be formulated. The case analysis showcases the practical experience and government accountability in different regions, which can help us better understand the current situation and challenges of sewage treatment work, and provide reference and inspiration for future work. 

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