Digestive tract tumors are malignant tumors that occur in the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, colon and rectum. They are one of the most common cancers worldwide and pose a great threat to human health. Despite great advances in the medical field, there is currently a lack of effective treatments to control the development and metastasis of tumors in the digestive tract. In recent years, with the rapid development of molecular biology and genomics, we have gained a deeper understanding of the molecular mechanism of digestive tract tumors. Studies have shown that the development of digestive tract tumors is related to a variety of molecular abnormalities, including gene mutations, abnormal activation of signaling pathways, and changes in tumor microenvironment. These molecular changes lead to the emergence of malignant features such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis. The strategy of targeted therapy for digestive tract tumors has become one of the hot spots in current research. Selective intervention by targeting key molecular targets in tumor cells can inhibit tumor growth and spread and reduce the damage to normal tissues. Targeted therapeutic drugs can act on specific molecular targets, such as growth factor receptors, key molecules in signaling pathways and immune checkpoints, etc., thereby interfering with the survival, proliferation and invasion ability of tumor cells. The combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine also plays an important role in the treatment of digestive tract tumors. Traditional Chinese medicine therapy has unique advantages in regulating the overall balance of the body, enhancing immune function and improving patients' quality of life. Combined with traditional treatment methods, the combination of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine can comprehensively apply a variety of treatment means to improve the treatment effect and the survival rate of patients. 

This article aims to review the molecular mechanism of digestive tract tumors and the current targeted therapeutic strategies, and focuses on the application of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of digestive tract tumors. Through in-depth understanding of the molecular mechanism of digestive tract tumors and the latest progress of targeted therapy, we are expected to provide a more effective and individualized treatment plan for patients with digestive tract tumors, promote the early diagnosis and treatment of digestive tract tumors, and ultimately improve the quality of life and prognosis of patients.

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