Hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS), also known as hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), is a rare and critical clinical syndrome. It is a rare and critical clinical syndrome with rapid onset, rapid progression, and a high mortality rate. At present, western medical treatment of HLH is mainly based on the diagnostic and therapeutic protocols of HLH-1994 or HLH-2004: control of excessive inflammation, delaying the progression of HLH activation; treatment of the primary cause of the disease and immunotherapy. In this paper, based on Liu Huawei's academic thought of "five elements and qi-hua theory", combined with the dialectical theory of "Wei-Qi-Ying-Blood" in Chinese medicine, we treated a case of HLH with Chinese medicine and achieved good clinical efficacy. The successful diagnosis and treatment of this patient provides some implications for the clinical use of TCM in the treatment of rare infectious diseases and hematological diseases.

Zhenxing Wang, Meng Li and Xiangnong Wang. A Case of EBV-associated Phagocytic Syndrome Treated on the Basis of the Academic Idea of Five Elements of Qi-hua Theory. International Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine (2022), Vol. 3, Issue 4: 1-8. https://doi.org/10.38007/IJPHPM.2022.030401.

[1] Wang Zhao, Wang Jingshi. Progress in diagnosis and treatment of adult hemophagocytic syndrome . Journal of Clinical Hematology, 2022,35 (01): 1-5. https://doi.org/10.37155/2717- 5669-0202-1

[2] Behnke B, Srinivasan N, Soesilo I, Spilman R. A Rare Case of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in an Adult.  Cureus.  2022 Mar 27; 14(3):e23545. https://doi.org/10. 7759/ cureus.23545

[3] Meng Jia, Ni Boran, Peng Ping, Shi Jinghua, Li Zhi. Differentiation of dampness and temperature in the treatment of a case of high fever with hemophagocytic syndrome . Huanqiu Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2015,8 (08): 968-970

[4] Wang Jing, Xuan Lei. Professor Dong Zhenhua used Wei Qi Ying Xue to treat two cases of hemophagocytic syndrome secondary to adult Steele's disease . Huanqiu Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2020,13 (11): 1908-1910. https://doi.org/10.26549/yzlcyxzz.v3i5.5287

[5] La Rosée P, Horne A, Hines M,et al. Recommendations for the management of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in adults.Blood.  2019 Jun 6; 133(23):2465-2477.. https://doi.org/10. 1182/blood.2018894618

[6] Zhao A, Yang J, Li M, Li L, Gan X, Wang J, Li H, Shen K, Yang Y, Niu T. Epstein-Barr Virus-Positive Lymphoma-Associated Hemophagocytic Syndrome: A Retrospective, Single-Center Study of 51 Patients.  Front Immunol.  2022 Apr 11; 13:882589.. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.882589

[7] Ramachandran S, Zaidi F, Aggarwal A, Gera R. Recent advances in diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines for primary and secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.  Blood Cells Mol Dis. 2017 May; 64:53-57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bcmd.2016.10.023

[8] Ye Zijun, Li An, Wang Yaping, Wu Peng, Rong Liucheng, Fang Yongjun. Analysis of clinical characteristics and prognostic risk factors of 52 children with EBV associated hemophagocytic syndrome . Journal of Nanjing Medical University (Natural Science Edition), 2020,40 (07): 1039-1044

[9] Shen Lixian, Li Xue, Chen Lehuan, Wang Xiaoling, Jiao Yalong, Zhang Yaqin. Analysis of one case of death from EBV associated hemophagocytic syndrome in children and literature review . Journal of Rare Diseases, 2021,28 (06): 1-3.. https://doi.org/10.12677/ACRP.2021.91001

[10] Li Meng, Ma Zhanping, Liu Huawei. Professor Liu Huawei's theory and practical significance of the gasification of viscera qi in five elements. Shaanxi Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2014, 35 (07): 889-891

[11] Guo Ting, Gao Peiyang. Research progress in the treatment of antibiotic related diarrhea with traditional Chinese medicine. Guangxi Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2019, 42 (06): 71-74.). https://doi.org/10.26549/yzlcyxzz.v3i5.5268

[12] Jiang Xianwei, Ma Zhanping, Liu Huawei. Based on Liu Huawei's "Five Elements of Qi Theory", the theoretical discussion on the syndrome of COVID-19 "cold and dampness, heat stagnation and fluid injury". Shaanxi Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2020, 41 (03): 278-280

[13] Du Honglin, Ma Zhanping. TCM characteristics and prevention of novel coronavirus pneumonia in northwest China. Western Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2020, 33 (04): 8-10

[14] Liu Lijun, Liu Huawei, Sun Fangfang. Professor Liu Huawei's experience in treating lung cancer by applying the theory of five elements gasification. Clinical Medical Research and Practice, 2021,6 (22): 33-35

[15] Ma Zhanping, Qu Xiaoyuan, Wu Caixia, Liu Huawei. Research on Professor Liu Huawei's academic thought of applying the theory of gasification to treat difficult and miscellaneous diseases. Shaanxi Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2011, 32 (12): 1647-1648+1665